% The MasterKey Widget Set developer's guide
% Mike Taylor
-% 11 August 2014
+% November 2014
-Overview
+Introduction
+============
+
+This manual is for people who want to build the widget set from
+source, develop the widget set's core code, or (more likely) create
+their own widgets as extensions to the main set.
+
+Those who want to use existing widgets should read
+[The MKWS manual: embedded metasearching with the MasterKey Widget
+Set](mkws-manual.html) instead.
+
+
+Required development tools
+==========================
+
+If you are building the widget set, you will need the following Debian
+packages (or their equivalents on your operating system):
+
+ $ sudo apt-get install curl git make unzip apache2 \
+ pandoc yui-compressor libbsd-resource-perl
+
+You also need Node.js, but unfortunately the `node-js` package is not
+available for Debian wheezy. You can either get it from
+wheezy-backports or download the source from
+http://nodejs.org/download/ and build it yourself. You need both Node
+itself and its package manager NPM: `make install` puts them into
+`/usr/local/bin`.
+
+
+Concepts
========
-Core concepts
--------------
+Code structure
+--------------
+
+The code of the widget set is in four main layers, described here from
+the bottom up:
+
+1. The core code, which manages the set of widget teams, default
+options, authentication onto the Service Proxy, and the creation of
+widgets from HTML elements.
+This code is in `mkws-core.js`
+
+2. The team code, which manages teams of widgets. This is responsible
+for the collections of widgets that make up teams, event queues, and
+handling search-and-retrieval events
+This code is in `mkws-team.js`
+
+3. The generic widget code, which handles the creation of widget
+objects, parsing configuration attributes from their HTML elements,
+and firing off automatic searches.
+
+4. The code for individual widgets, which is specific to those
+widgets. It often involves subscribing to events and responding to
+them by setting the HTML of the widget element, but need not do
+so. The code for many of the most important widgets is in
+`mkws-widget-main.js`, but certain other widgets are defined in other
+files beginning with the prefix `mkws-widget-`.
+
+In addition to this code, there are several source files containing
+support code:
+
+* `mkws-filter.js` contains support routine implementing the
+filter-set data structure, which contains information about which
+filters (e.g. by target, or by facet) are in force.
+
+* `mkws-handlebars.js` contains Handlebars helpers which can be used
+by the HTML templates.
+
+* `mkws-popup.js` defines a special widget for creating popup
+ windows. These may, but need not, contain other MKWS widgets,
+ forming a popup searching application.
+
+The final component of the source code is the set of Handlebars
+templates, in the `templates` directory, which are used to emit the
+HTML of the various widgets' contents. These are compiled into the
+file `mkws-templates.js`.
+
+
+
+Defining new types of widget
+----------------------------
Development with MKWS consists primarily of defining new types of
-widgets. These can interact with the core functionality is several
-defined ways.
+widgets. This is done using exactly the same API as the the widgets
+that come as part of the set: they have no privileged access.
You create a new widget type by calling the `mkws.registerWidgetType`
function, passing in the widget name and a function. The name is used
to recognise HTML elements as being widgets of this type -- for
-example, if you register a `Foo` widget, elements like
-`<div class="mkwsFoo">` will be widgets of this type.
+example, if you register a `foo` widget, elements like
+`<div class="mkws-foo">` will become widgets of this type.
-The function promotes a bare widget object (passed as `this`) into a
+The function promotes a bare widget object (which is created by the
+core widget code and passed in as `this`) into a
widget of the appropriate type. MKWS doesn't use classes or explicit
prototypes: it just makes objects that have the necessary
behaviours. There are _no_ behaviours that Widgets are obliged to
provide: you can make a doesn't-do-anything-at-all widget if you like:
- mkws.registerWidgetType('Sluggard', function() {});
+ mkws.registerWidgetType('sluggard', function() {});
More commonly, widgets will subscribe to one or more events, so that
they're notified when something interesting happens. For example, the
-`Log` widget asks to be notified when a `log` event happens, and
+`log` widget asks to be notified when a `log` event happens, and
appends the logged message to its node, as follows:
- mkws.registerWidgetType('Log', function() {
+ mkws.registerWidgetType('log', function() {
var that = this;
this.team.queue("log").subscribe(function(teamName, timestamp, message) {
* You can add functionality to a widget by subscribing it to an
event's queue using `this.team.queue("EVENT").subscribe`. The
argument is a function which is called whenever the event is
- published. The arguments to the function are different for different
- events.
+ published. The arguments to the event-callback function are
+ different for different events.
* As with so much JavaScript programming, the value of the special
- variable `this` is lost inside the `subscribez` callback function,
+ variable `this` is lost inside the `subscribe` callback function,
so it must be saved if it's to be used inside that callback
(typically as a local variable named `that`).
-----------------------------------
Many widgets are simple specialisations of existing widgets. For
-example, the `Record` widget is the same as the `Records` widget
-except that it defaults to displaying a single record. It's defined as
-follows:
+example, the `images` widget is the same as the `records` widget
+except that it defaults to using the `images` template for displaying
+its result list. It's defined as follows:
- mkws.registerWidgetType('Record', function() {
- mkws.promotionFunction('Records').call(this);
- if (!this.config.maxrecs) this.config.maxrecs = 1;
+ mkws.registerWidgetType('images', function() {
+ mkws.promotionFunction('records').call(this);
+ if (!this.config.template) this.config.template = 'images';
});
Remember that when a promotion function is called, it's passed a base
the promotion function that's been registered for that type.
Once this has been done, the specialisations can be introduced. In
-this case, it's a very simple matter of changing the `maxrecs`
-configuration setting to 1 unless it's already been given an explicit
-value. (That would occur if the HTML used an element like `<div
-class="mkwsRecord" maxrecs="2">`, though it's not obvious why anyone
-would do that.)
+this case, it's a very simple matter of changing the `template`
+configuration setting to `'images'` unless it's already been given an
+explicit value. (That would occur if the HTML used an element like
+`<div class="mkws-images" template="my-images">` to use a customised
+template.
Reference Guide
be used by the derived widget.
* `String this.type` --
- A string containing the type of the widget.
+ A string containing the type of the widget (`search`,
+ `switch`, etc.)
* `Team this.team` --
The team object to which this widget belongs. The team has
below.
* `DOMElement this.node` --
- The DOM element of the widget
+ The DOM element of the widget. Most often used for inserting
+ HTML into the widget element.
* `Hash this.config` --
A table of configuration values for the widget. This table
inherits from the default configuration. Instances of widgets
in HTML can set configuration items as HTML attributes: for
example, the HTML element
- `<div class="mkwsRecords" maxrecs="10">`.
+ `<div class="mkwsRecords" maxrecs="10">`
creates a widget for which `this.config.maxrecs` is set to 10.
* `String this.toString()` --
* `String this.value()` --
A function returning the value of the widget's HTML element.
+* `VOID autosearch()` --
+ Registers that this kind of widget is one that requires an
+ automatic search to be run for it if an `autosearch` attribute
+ is provided on the HTML element. This is appropriate for
+ widgets such as `Records` and `Facet` that display some part
+ of a search result.
+
+* `subwidget(type, overrides, defaults)` --
+ Returns the HTML of a subwidget of the specified type, which
+ can then be inserted into the widget using the
+ `this.node.html` function. The subwidget is given the same
+ attributes at the parent widget that invokes this function,
+ except where overrides are passed in. If defaults are also
+ provided, then these are used when the parent widget provides
+ no values. Both the `overrides` and `defaults` arguments are
+ hashes: the latter is optional. This can be used to assemble
+ compound widgets containing several subwidgets.
+
+In addition to these properties and methods of the bare widget object,
+some kinds of specific widget add other properties of their own. For
+example, the `Builder` widget uses a `callback` property as the
+function that it use to publish the widget definition that it
+constructs. This defaults to the builtin function `alert`, but can be
+overridden by derived widgets such as `ConsoleBuilder`.
+
Team methods
------------
* `Num team.totalRecordCount()`
* `Num team.currentPage();`
* `String team.currentRecordId()`
-* `String team.currentRecordData()` --
- Simple accessor functions that provide the ability to read
- properties of the team.
+* `String team.currentRecordData()`
+
+These are all simple accessor functions that provide the ability to
+read properties of the team.
* `Array team.filters()` --
Another accessor function, providing access to the array of
* `Bool team.targetFiltered(targetId)` --
Indicates whether the specified target has been filtered by
- selection as a facet.
+ selection as a facet. This is used only by the `Facet` widget,
+ and there is probably no reason for you to use it.
* `Hash team.config()` --
Access to the team's configuration settings. There is almost
certainly no reason to use this: the settings that haven't
been overridden are accessible via `this.config`.
-* `Void team.set_sortOrder(string)`
-* `Void team.set_perpage(number)` --
+* `Void team.set_sortOrder(string)`, `Void team.set_perpage(number)` --
"Setter" functions for the team's sortOrder and perpage
functions. Unlikely to be needed outside of the `Sort` and
`Perpage` widgets.
widgets is still in the team. When we finish migrating it, the widget
API should get simpler.
+
+Events
+------
+
+FIXME: list of events that can be usefully subscribed to.
+
+
- - -
-Copyright (C) 2013-2014 by IndexData ApS, <http://www.indexdata.com>
+Copyright (C) 2013-2014 Index Data ApS. <http://indexdata.com>